Koppers offers a full line of insulated rail joints that combine field-proven design, advanced technologies and superior service. Bolted: ComPly™ Epoxy Fiberglass rail joints are manufactured to provide optimum strength, stiffness, fatigue resistance and electrical insulation. Polyurethane Encapsulated Joints feature a steel core bar for strength, encapsulated in polyurethane that resists moisture and excessive temperature and provides electrical integrity. Bonded: Short Angle Projection™ (SAP) joints- Patented design approaches the stiffness of rail and eliminates rail end batter and subsequent bond line failure. Standard AREMA design with either fiberglass or Kevlar insulator. CENTER LINER® joint- This patented design uses a mechanical wedging action that increases stiffness and reduces deflection. Field Kits and Factory Bonded Plugs feature rolled or forged steel alloy bars with adhesive, insulation material, fasteners and end posts. Higher-Modulus Bars- Forged steel alloy designed for extended service life under heavier loads, wider temperature variances and impact loads.  Koppers rail joint manufacturing plant is ISO 9001:2015 and AAR M-1003 certified.